Skin cancer and mole mapping
Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in Brazil. The most common are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, linked to cumulative sun exposure. Melanoma is less common and more aggressive, and it can start in a mole. All three have high cure rates when removed early, and a skin exam with a dermatoscope is how lesions are found at that stage.
Summary
- Duration
- About 30 to 40 minutes for a full-body skin exam
- Instrument
- Dermatoscope, a lens with light that magnifies the mole and shows structures the eye cannot see
- Records
- Photos of moles that need monitoring, for comparison at follow-up
- How often
- Once a year for most people, and every 3 to 6 months for people at high risk
- If something looks suspicious
- Biopsy or removal in the office, under local anesthesia
Who it is for
For people with many moles (more than 50), large or irregular moles, fair skin that burns easily, a history of bad sunburns, skin cancer in the family, or a mole that has changed color, size or shape, itches or bleeds.
After age 50, a yearly exam helps find lesions caused by cumulative sun exposure, such as actinic keratosis, a rough spot that can turn into carcinoma.
How it works
You undress down to your underwear and Dr. Karen von Kossel examines the skin from scalp to feet, including areas you cannot see yourself, such as the back, the scalp and the soles of the feet. Every mole with a warning sign is checked with the dermatoscope. Those that need monitoring are photographed for comparison at the next visit.
If a lesion looks suspicious, it is removed and sent for histopathology, the lab exam that gives the final diagnosis. Results take about 2 to 3 weeks. The removal is described on the dermatologic surgery page.
Warning signs
The ABCDE rule helps with self-examination: Asymmetry, irregular Border, varied Color, Diameter above 6 mm and Evolution (recent change). A sore that does not heal within 4 weeks should also be checked.
Frequently asked questions
How often should I have my moles checked?
Once a year for most people. People who have had melanoma, have many atypical moles or a family history usually come back every 3 to 6 months. Dr. von Kossel sets the interval at the first consultation.
Does every mole need to be removed?
No. Most moles are benign and only need monitoring. Removal is recommended when a mole shows suspicious signs, changes over time or causes discomfort.
Can skin cancer be cured?
Basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma are cured in the large majority of cases treated early. Melanoma removed while still thin also has a high chance of cure, which is why regular skin checks matter.
Last updated November 10, 2026 · Medical director (responsável técnica): Dr. Karen von Kossel, CRM-SP 107714 · RQE 58534